patients DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is characterized by the destruction of fecal issued or defecate (BAB) with greater frequency than usual. In general, diarrhea caused by consumption of contaminated food or drink.
Patients with diarrhea in IndonesiaDiarrhea is one of the biggest health problems in Indonesian society. In 2003, diarrhea caused by bacterial contamination claimed around 100,000 lives and become one of the main reasons inpatient care in hospitals Indonesia.The proportion of deaths due to diarrhea in Indonesia is about 3.5%. This makes diarrhea ranked 13th in the cause of death of all ages. But for infants aged 29 days to 11 months, diarrhea is the first cause of death with a percentage of 31.4%. As for toddlers aged 1-4 years, 25% die from diarrhea which leads to dehydration.Diarrhea can be fatal if the patient is dehydrated due to loss of fluids from the body. Therefore, although common, diarrhea should not be taken lightly.Symptoms of diarrhea in adults and childrenDiarrhea symptoms depend on the cause and who experience it, ie, adults or children. Patients with diarrhea there were only brief experience abdominal pain with a slightly watery stool or some are experiencing stomach cramps with a very watery stool. In cases of severe diarrhea, the possibility of sufferers will also experience fever and severe abdominal cramps.Factors that cause diarrhea in generalCause of diarrhea in adults and children generally is an intestinal infection. Intestinal infection itself occurs by eating food or drink dirty and contaminated. Microorganisms that often cause intestinal infections are bacteria, parasites, and viruses like norovirus and rotavirus.Diarrhea can also result from the following factors:
The side effects of certain drugs
Restless
Consumption of alcohol and excessive coffeeWays in diagnosing diarrheaIn diagnosing diarrhea, the doctor will usually find out the cause. Among them is by examining a stool sample, perform a rectal examination, or even blood tests.Regarding the treatment of diarrheaIf severe, diarrhea can lead to dehydration. Dehydration has fatal consequences and potentially cost the lives of sufferers, especially if it occurs in children. This is because the body's defenses against dehydration children is much smaller than in adults. Therefore parents are advised to be alert for signs of dehydration in children and patients are advised to drink plenty of fluids while diarrhea is still ongoing.ORS can be taken to avoid dehydration, but please use it first with your doctor or pharmacist, especially if you suffer from certain diseases, such as heart disease.Anti-diarrhea medication is usually not needed, except for those who have solid activity or who want to travel long distances. One anti-diarrhea effective and faster in stopping diarrhea is loperamide. However loperamide should not be given to children.Most patients with diarrhea recover after a few days without treatment. In the adults, diarrhea usually recover after two to four days, whereas in children, diarrhea usually lasts longer, between five to seven days.Time to go to the doctorIf your child has severe diarrhea, sustained, or if he begins to show signs of dehydration, immediately take your child to the doctor. Diarrhea six times or more within 24 hours of the child's doctor should also be consulted.Likewise with diarrhea that make your body condition declined rapidly, should consult a doctor, especially if there is blood or pus in your stool.Fecal examination in the laboratory may be required for further research. Diarrhea that lasts more than a few weeks in adults can be caused by irritable bowel syndrome, colon cancer, and Crohn's disease.Ways to prevent diarrheaDiarrhea not only affects the patient, but also has the potential to spread, especially to his family members. Therefore, diarrhea should be prevented from first contact and the sharing aspect.Below are the preventive measures diarrhea due to contamination:
Wash hands before eating
Steer clear of foods that cleanliness is questionable and do not drink the tap water
Separating raw foods from cooked
Eat food cooked from fresh ingredients
Storing food in the refrigerator and do not let the food left under exposure to sunlight or room temperatureIf you have diarrhea, you should take the following steps to prevent the spread diarrhea to the people around you:
If the stay of the house, make sure the patient avoids the use of towels or eating utensils similar to other household members
Cleaning the toilet with disinfectant after each bowel movement
Remain at home at least 48 hours after the last period of diarrhea
Wash hands after the toilet or before eating and preparing food
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